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  • 专访联合国南南合作办公室副主任王晓军：南南合作已与“一带一路”对接多个项目

专访联合国南南合作办公室副主任王晓军：南南合作已与“一带一路”对接多个项目

【环球时报-环球网报道 记者 白云怡】“要减少发展中国家合作中贪腐、不透明、可持续性不强等问题，可通过加强援助接收国的能力建设、强化与地区和多边组织合作、融入当地社区、吸收社会各界力量甚至是私人资本力量等方式达成。”联合国南南合作办公室副主任王晓军日前在接受《环球时报》记者专访时这样表示。 王晓军告诉记者，在上世纪中叶，南南合作主要以技术合作为主，2008年经济危机后拓展到了经济合作，而现在则已上升到一种全方位的、全球治理层面上的合作。“比如中国倡导的‘一带一路’倡议，就已经不是单纯的项目合作，而是一种发展策略的对接。”她表示，目前南南合作55%集中在基础设施领域，30%在能力建设、科教文卫等社会发展领域，还有10%涉及制度层面。“经历过工业化的发达国家在与发展中国家合作时会更多考虑制度问题，这当然也是非常重要的，但发展中国家还面临一些最基本的发展条件需要满足，比如对这些国家摆脱贫困至关重要的基础设施建设。但在过去二十多年中，基建合作似乎一直没有被人们放在南南合作的核心位置，直到中国大力投资南南国家的基础设施，这个领域才被重新摆回了桌子中央。”王晓军称。 这名联合国官员告诉《环球时报》记者，目前联合国南南合作办公室已与中国倡导的“一带一路”倡议开展了多个对接项目，如建立全球南南发展中心，将中国技术推广到其他南南国家尤其是“一带一路”沿线国家;和中国合作建立“海陆丝绸之路城市联盟”，使“一带一路”沿线城市在整个平台上能够进行政策对话;以及发展中国家青年领袖培养项目等。 近年来，包括中国在内的南南合作也面临一些“诟病”：资金去向不透明、贪腐现象时有发生、项目可持续性欠佳等……虽然这很大程度上是部分西方媒体的误读甚至抹黑，不过王晓军也表示，贪腐、不透明等的确是可能导致发展合作失败的风险因素。为减少这种现象，在南南合作中，援助国应当在经济扶持的同时帮助项目所在国进行能力建设，使当地民众更广泛地参与到项目的设计与实施中。此外，面对项目资金结束合作就结束的可持续性不强的现象，双方也应考虑和非盟、东盟等地区组织合作，通过政策协调，把已验证成功的模式拓展到其他地区，以产生更大规模、更持久的影响。 “当今时代的南南合作也需要同时结合公共资金与私人部门资金，这意味着我们需要包括私人企业和NGO在内的社会各界的力量。如果一家企业更专注长期发展而非短期商业利益，关注金字塔底端的发展，那它将会适合参与到南南合作中来。”王晓军表示，对企业自身来说，在政府的政策支持下，发展中国家的企业一般对风险的承受力更强，也更能意识到在一国经济政策制定之初就参与进来对其整个行业的提升意义，故而参与南南合作的意愿更强。
  Source: https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1602322696446969374&wfr=spider&for=pc    

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